【孔祥來】“上德授賢一包養心得”若何能夠? ——論儒家“禪讓”模子的法式問題

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How can “Shangde Award” be enough?

——French problem of the Confucian “relief” model

Author: Kong Xianglai

Source: Author’s manuscript

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   � href=”https://twbabydating99.com/”>Baobao.com conveys the design of a mold related to the highest leader’s choice of the repaired mold. Therefore, it is more academic and practical than the true feelings that are shared by Shun’s disciples, as a Confucian fantasy research. Some scholars have compared Confucianism with modern civilian politics and discussed its compliance with legal principles, but have always ignored the French problem of implementing this fantasy system. In fact, based on Confucius’ design, the reason why Shun was able to win was because there was a French guarantee from nomination to trial, to rank, and then to emperor’s name. The French assessment process was long enough, thus giving people the opportunity to thoroughly evaluate the recipient’s true virtues and talents, and also giving the recipient the opportunity to create excellent political achievements, accumulate a wide range of approachable foundations, and finally realize the unity of destiny and approachable. The real failure in later generations was precisely because they ignored this set of French styles and the strict assessment of the quality of the recipients. Judging from the usefulness of the Confucian model, it also has an extremely important meaning of borrowing the mold to improve the modern civilian main system.

 

Keywords: Let, French, assessment process, ability to be political, Confucianism

 

From the pre-Qin literature, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未分类, 未As a tradition, it has preserved the historical shadow of ancient social and political operations. As a fantasy of “political and Taoism”, it is widely sought by Confucianism, Mohism, and even some Huang Laos. However, when Confucius and Xunzi carefully edited the “Shang Shun” and when Mencius and Xunzi did not care about the frequent explanation for the “Shun”, when later Confucian scholars expressed their yearning for the “Shang Shun”, their position in Confucianism had already exceeded that of hundreds of schools of thought. Shun said that history may not be true, but “Confucianism uses the meaning of ‘establishing images’ to place the high and remote fantasy of political form at the beginning of history” and “that is, those who need to be realized as the standard for the development of history.” [①] The story of Shun’s revelation in “Shangshu·官网” and “Shun Dian” is actually a fantasy mold designed by Confucius based on historical traditions about the replacement of the highest leaders. Guodian Chu’s “The Way of Tang and Yu” says: “The sage is the sage of virtue and tribute.” [②] The sage makes the sage a fantasy of “political and rituals”, which fully reflects the Confucian spirit of respecting virtue and valuing virtue, not only for the political development of traditional China.The exhibition has produced in-depth influence on the future political transformation of the Eastern Asian society, which is deeply influenced by Confucian civilization, must also have an extremely positive borrowing meaning, just as Ian Johnson and Zheng Yongnian said when they were discussing a new book by Sarah Allan. [③]

 

As a system of choosing the highest leader, modern scholars often connect with Oriental people. Kang You claimed that Confucius “responsible and Shun carried out peace with the people of the people”, [④] A group of historians represented by Guo Moruo believed that the people had created political people under the original private ownership, [⑤] MouIntegrate feelings Zong San believed that the “governmental power” made the body realize, [⑥] Yu Ronggen believed that the “governmental power” “including some fair elements of modern political rule”, and [⑦] Yao Zhongqiu believed that the “governmental power was a great system established by the imperial tree. [⑧] The modern civil system uses the national recognition as the basis of justification, and the Confucianism allows the civil system to use “misculptural meaning” as the source of justification. In the Qing Dynasty, “If the political order is in line with the law, it must be based on the basic principles of the common sense (people’s minds)”; [⑨] Li Cunshan believed that the common sense is the unique standard of Confucian politics in compliance with the legal principles; [⑩] Wang Zhongjiang believed that the Confucian “comprehensive theory” is the “most basic standard and standard of political justice and compliance with the legal principles”. [11] However, the modern civil system directly reflects the recognition of the people through the French style of one person and one vote, and the legality or justification of Confucian politics is not a “civilian” level. So what special French style is there to ensure the reality of its civil system goal? Among Confucius’ model of teaching design based on Shun’s teaching, it was a set of reckless and complicated styles with a long and comprehensive assessment process, which made Confucian politics in line with legality or justity implement various dimensions, guaranteed the reality of the goal of “granting the virtues of the Supreme Being” and the benefit of the gift.

 

1. Four festivals of French style

 

In the Confucian model of reliance on Shun, reliance is a continuous process. Zhu Xiaofeng divided the process plan of Shun into three stages: nomination recognition and investigation, governance, and emperor.[12] However, the misunderstanding of the imperial “Civil Consultation If You Are the Times” was the first time that the emperor was nominated, and the nomination recognition and investigation were regarded as a staunch.A stage also eliminates the importance of the investigation. Yao Zhongqiu described the process of Shun as fifteen rules, [13], which also damaged the completeness of the assessment. Xia Shihua believed that the three cycles of evading the sons of the previous kings, the choice of the common people and the ascension of the throne were three cycles. [14] When Shun ascended the throne, he was the last to pay tribute to the throne, what was the common people saying? We carefully studied “Shangshu·宋子” and “Shun Dian”, combined with other literatures, and believed that the emperor consulted the four mountains of “Xun Zhen’s position” as the beginning of the ceremony. From this to the entire process of “the month is the first day, and the Shun is in the Wenzu” can be divided into four circles: nomination, trial, rank, and title of emperor.

 

(I) Nomination

 

The first cycle of French style is nomination. There are three steps for nomination: the first step is when the emperor proposes a suggestion for the support; the second step is to recommend the candidates for the ministers; the third step is to discuss and decide the candidates for the emperor and his subjects. Nominations must comply with three principles: First, the public is not restricted by the recommendation candidates; second, the candidates are not subject to pregnancy restrictions; third, virtue is used as the unique standard for the candidates to evaluate.

 

According to the “Shidian”, the imperial “Ask for the time being” is just to select talents who can govern the country, and its “Shidian for the Four Mountains” is the beginning of the nomination. The emperor said, “See! Four Mountains, I am seventy years old, can you be mediocre, and I am in power?” Four Mountains, Kong Qi, believed that they were “the fourth son of Xihe”, [15] Zheng Xuan believed that they were “the four officials of the four seasons, and the affairs of Fangyue”, [16] Wei Zhao believed that they were “the sacrifices of the four mountains, and the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords of the lords [17] Comprehensive annotations can be regarded as the leader of the Four Mountains and the Marquis of the Four Directions and was appointed as the court. The eldest brother of the Emperor wanted to choose a successor from the four mountains. All the four mountains TC:

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